Russian Dictionaries for Pymorphy2

Common errors

• ValueError: Can't find a dictionary for language 'ru'. Installed languages: []. Try installing pymorphy2-dicts-ru package.

  cause The `pymorphy2` library was installed, but the `pymorphy2-dicts-ru` package, which provides the actual dictionary data, is missing.
  fix Install the dictionary package: `pip install pymorphy2-dicts-ru`

• ImportError: No module named 'pymorphy2'

  cause Attempting to use `pymorphy2.MorphAnalyzer` without installing the `pymorphy2` library itself. `pymorphy2-dicts-ru` only provides the dictionary data, not the analyzer.
  fix Install the core `pymorphy2` library: `pip install pymorphy2`

• AttributeError: module 'pymorphy2_dicts_ru' has no attribute 'MorphAnalyzer'

  cause Misconception that `pymorphy2_dicts_ru` is the main entry point for morphological analysis. The `MorphAnalyzer` class is part of the `pymorphy2` library.
  fix Import `MorphAnalyzer` from `pymorphy2` and initialize it with `lang='ru'`: `from pymorphy2 import MorphAnalyzer; morph = MorphAnalyzer(lang='ru')`

Warnings

• breaking `pymorphy2` (which uses these dictionaries) dropped official support for Python 2.6, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4 in version 0.9. Python 2.7 support was also marked for removal in future v1.0 releases. Ensure your environment uses a compatible Python version (3.5+ recommended).
  Fix: Upgrade to Python 3.5 or newer. If using Python 2.7, be aware that future `pymorphy2` versions may drop support.
• gotcha When `pymorphy2` is installed after a Python process has started (e.g., within a Jupyter Notebook or Google Colab cell), it might fail to detect the installed dictionaries without restarting the kernel or process. This was a known issue in `pymorphy2` versions prior to 0.9.1.
  Fix: Restart your Python kernel or environment after installing `pymorphy2` and `pymorphy2-dicts-ru` to ensure correct dictionary loading.
• gotcha The OpenCorpora dictionaries used by `pymorphy2-dicts-ru` contain both correct and commonly used incorrect word forms. Therefore, methods like `word_is_known()` might return `True` for non-standard words, making it unsuitable for strict spell-checking without additional filtering.
  Fix: For strict spell-checking, integrate an additional dictionary or apply custom filtering rules on the analysis results to distinguish between correct and commonly used incorrect forms.
• gotcha By default, `pymorphy2.MorphAnalyzer` methods return `Parse` namedtuple objects. For performance-critical applications, especially in CPython, you can initialize `MorphAnalyzer` with `result_type=None` to receive plain tuples instead, which can be faster.
  Fix: Initialize `morph = pymorphy2.MorphAnalyzer(result_type=None)` for potentially faster processing at the cost of less descriptive return objects.

Install

• pip install pymorphy2-dicts-ru pymorphy2 Install with pymorphy2

Imports

• MorphAnalyzer

  from pymorphy2 import MorphAnalyzer

  The dictionaries are used by pymorphy2; direct import from pymorphy2_dicts_ru is not typical for analysis.
• get_path

  import pymorphy2_dicts_ru; dict_path = pymorphy2_dicts_ru.get_path()

  To explicitly get the installation path of the dictionary data.

Quickstart

Initialize `pymorphy2.MorphAnalyzer` with `lang='ru'` to use the Russian dictionaries. Then, use methods like `parse()` to analyze words and `inflect()` to change their grammatical form.

import pymorphy2

morph = pymorphy2.MorphAnalyzer(lang='ru')

word = 'корова'
parsed_word = morph.parse(word)[0]
print(f"Original word: {word}")
print(f"Normal form: {parsed_word.normal_form}")
print(f"Part of speech: {parsed_word.tag.POS}")

inflected_word = parsed_word.inflect({'gent', 'plur'})
if inflected_word:
    print(f"Inflected (genitive plural): {inflected_word.word}")

word_unknown = 'бутявка'
parsed_unknown = morph.parse(word_unknown)[0]
print(f"\nUnknown word: {word_unknown}")
print(f"Normal form (heuristic): {parsed_unknown.normal_form}")